|
ARMY STAFF |
||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
1st COMMANDER IN CHIEF |
||
General Sir Frank Walter Messervy, KCSI, KBE, CB, DSO, (1893-1974) was the first Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan Royal Army (15 August 1947–10 February 1948 or Aug 1948?). He became a Lieutenant General in 1945; General 1947; General Officer Commanding in Chief or (GOC-in-C) Northern Command, India 1946–1947. A letter catalogued by MJF, dated March 23, 1948, refers to Sir Douglas David Gracey as Commander-in-Chief ( C-in-C) Pakistan Army at that date; but International Who's Who states that Messervy was Commander-in-Chief ( C-in-C) Pakistan Army until August 1948. He was commissioned to Indian Army in 1913 and later joined the 9 Hodson's Horse, India in 1914. He would see action in WW I in France, Palestine and Syria from 1914–1918. He later went in service to Kurdistan in 1919. He came back to UK as an Instructor at Staff College Camberley from 1932–1936. He was made Commander 13 Duke of Cambridge's Own Lancers, India from 1938-1939.
|
||
 |
||
2nd CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
General Sir Douglas David Gracey Chiefs of Army Staff, Pakistan, Preceded by: Gen. Sir Frank Messervy, Followed by: Gen. Ayub Khan. General Sir Douglas David Gracey, KCB, KCIE, CBE, MC (1894-1964) was a British officer in both the First and Second World Wars and the second Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan, holding this office from 11 February 1948 to 16 January 1951. Gracey saw World War I service in France. He commanded 20th Indian Division, part of the Fourteenth Army during the Burma Campaign in WWII. General Sir Douglas Gracey did not send troops to Kashmir front and refused to obey the order given by Mohammad Ali Jinnah, Governor-General of Pakistan. Gracey argued that Jinnah as Governor-General represented the British crown of which he himself was an appointee. Similarly, the early heads of Pakistan’s air and naval forces were Englishmen.
|
||
 |
||
1st NATIVE COMMANDER IN CHIEF |
||
| Muhammad Ayub Khan Chiefs of Army Staff, Pakistan, Preceded by: Gen. Sir Douglas David Gracey, Succeeded by: Gen. Musa Khan, Muhammad Ayub Khan President of Pakistan Preceded by: IskanderMirza, Gen. Yahya Khan (as Chief Martial Administrator and then Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto). Muhammad Ayub Khan (May 14, 1907 – April 19, 1974) was a Field Marshal during the mid-1960s, and the political leader of Pakistan from 1958 to 1969. He became Pakistan's first native Commander in Chief in 1951, and was the youngest full-rank general and self-appointed field marshall in Pakistan's military history. He was also the first Pakistani military general to seize power through a coup. Early years. | ||
 |
||
|
4th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
General Musa Khan Hazara HJ MBE (1908-1991) was the Chief of Pakistan's Army Staff. He succeeded Field Marshal Ayub Khan, who assumed the Presidency of Pakistan. He was the eldest son of Sardar Yazdan Khan, born in a Hazara family in Quetta, he was from the Sardar family of the Hazara tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan. He was a Naik (Junior Officer) in the Hazara Pioneers and went to the Indian Military Academy in Dehra Dun as a cadet and graduated with the first batch of the Indian commissioned officers. He was posted to the 6th Royal Battalion,the 13th Frontier Force Rifles as a Platoon Commander in 1936. He took part in the Waziristan Operations in 1936-1938 and in World War II, where he served in North Africa. He served with distinction in the Pakistani Army and rose to the rank of the commander in chief of Pakistan Armed Forces during President Mohammad Ayub Khan’s regime (1958-1969).After Gen. Musa retired from the army, President Ayub Khan appointed him as the Governor of West Pakistan from 1967 to 1969. After serving for a few years, he retired and settled in Karachi. In 1987, he was once again involved in politics.
|
||
 |
||
|
5th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan, Date of Birth: February 4, 1917, Date of Death: August 10, 1980, Chief of the Army Staff, Tenure Order : 5th Chief of the Army Staff, Term in Office: 1969 – 1971, Predecessor: Gen. Musa Khan, Successor: Gen. Gul Hasan. President of Pakistan, Tenure Order: 3th President, Term in Office: March 25, 1969 – December 20, 1971, Predecessor: Ayub Khan, Successor: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan (February 4, 1917 – August 10, 1980) was the President of Pakistan and Chief of Army Staff from 1969 to 1971, following the resignation of Ayub Khan. His rule was characterized by tensions in East Pakistan in the early 1970s that finally led to its secession following the Bangladesh Liberation War.
|
||
 |
||
| 6th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
Gul Hassan Khan was the Chief of Army Staff, Pakistan. General Gul Hassan was born in Quetta, was educated at the Royal Indian Military College (now the Rashtriya Indian Military College), Dehra Dun. In 1933 he was commissioned in the British army. After Partition, he served the Pakistani army for 25 years. He was ousted as army chief on March 3, 1972 by Pakistani prime minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. He was allegedly hudled up in a car and taken to Lahore by road by Ghulam Mustafa Khar, a crony of Bhutto and a politician. He had three brothers and a sister. He has relatives still residing in Pabbi near Peshawar, Pakistan. General Gul Hassan Khan passed away in 1999 and was buried in Pabbi. In the last few years of his life he was dividing his time between Vienna, Austria and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He wrote a book Memoirs of Lt. Gen. Gul Hassan Khan.
|
||
 |
||
7th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
Tikka Khan, Date of Birth:1915, Date of Death: March 28, 2002 Chief of the Army Staff, Tenure Order: 7th Chief of the Army Staff, Took Office: March 1972 – March 1976, Predecessor: Gen. Gul Hasan, Successor: Gen. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. Tikka Khan (1915–2002) was Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff from March 1972–March 1976). General Tikka Khan was born in the village of Jochha Mamdot (Tehsil Kahuta) near Rawalpindi in 1915 (in what was then British India). He was a graduate of the Indian Military Academy at Dehradun, and was commissioned in 1939. He fought in World War II as part of the British Indian Army, and was injured on multiple occasions during the fighting.
|
||
 |
||
8th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Date o fBirth: August 12, 1924, Date of Death:August 17, 1988, Chief of the Army Staff, Tenure Order: 8th Chief of the Army Staff, Took Office:1976 1988, Predecessor: Gen. Tikka Khan, Successor:Gen. Mirza Aslam Beg, President of Pakistan, Tenure Order:6th President, Took Office:September 16, 1978, August 17, 1988, Predecessor:Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Successor: Ghulam Ishaq Khan. General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (August 12, 1924–August 17, 1988) ruled Pakistan from 1977 to 1988. Zia-ul-Haq was the third person in the history of Pakistan to enforce martial law and halt civilian rule in the country.
|
||
 |
||
|
9th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
General Mirza Aslam Beg, Chief of the Army Staff, Tenure Order: 9th Chief of the Army Staff, Took Office:1988 1991, Predecessor:Gen. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Successor:Gen. Asif Nawaz. Mirza Aslam Beg was Chief of Army Staff, Pakistan, succeeding General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq.General Mirza Aslam Beg was vice chief of army staff in General Zia ul-Haq's military administration, and after Zia's death in a plane crash he was immediately made chief in August 1988. He was born in Azam Garh, British India. Zia's son ,Ejaz ul Haq as well as son of late Director General ISI Akhtar Abdur Rahman, Humanyun Akhtar have blamed Beg in the press for being behind the crash, the cause of which was never officially established.
|
||
 |
||
10th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
Asif Nawaz (Asif Nawaz Janjua) was Chief of Army Staff, Pakistan (1991–1993), Preceded by:Gen. Mirza Aslam Beg, Followed by: Gen. Wahid Kakar, Asif Nawaz's tenure as Chief of Army Staff was ended abruptly by his death on 8 January 1993, apparently from a heart attack. He is widely remembered as having died under mysterious circumstances. Nawaz had begun to feel upset at many of Nawaz Sharif's moves, most significantly his attempts to create rifts within the Army. American CIA was also unhappy with the lack of co-operation from the General regarding the buying back of the stinger missiles from the mujahddeen in Afghanistan, supplied by the CIA during the Jihad against the Soviets. It is thought that the current Assistant Sec.
|
||
 |
||
11th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
Wahid Kakar, Chiefs of Army Staff, Pakistan, Preceded by: Gen. Asif Nawaz, Followed by: Gen. Jehangir Karamat. was Chief of Army Staff, Pakistan. President Ghulam Ishaq Khan and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif came into public on the appointment of the Chief of Army staff after the sudden death of General Asif Nawaz in January 1993. Nawaz Sharif wanted to place his own candidate in the vacant position, against the wishes of both the army and the President. Considering Sharif's intentions a direct threat to his political authority, President Ghulam Ishaq Khan used his constitutional privilege effectively to place his candidate, General Abdul Wahid Kakar Commander XII corps in Quetta, as commander-in-chief superseding many seniors. Nawaz Sharif reportedly threatened "not to let the new COAS work". Within 24 hours of a statement by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif that the appointment of the new COAS would take some time, President Ghulam Ishaq Khan had named General Abdul Waheed as the COAS on January 11. What is more, Nawaz Sharif was told about the new appointment just a few minutes before the ceremony.
|
||
 |
||
12th CHIEF OF ARMY STAFF |
||
General(R)Jehangir Karamat Chief of Army Staff, Pakistan, Preceded by: Gen. Wahid Kakar, Followed by: Gen. Pervez Musharraf. Ambassador of Pakistan to the US, Preceded by: Ashraf Jehangir Qazi, Followed by: current. General Jehangir Karamat is currently (2005) the Ambassador of Pakistan to the United States of America. He presented his credentials December 9, 2004. He is also one of very few Chiefs of Army Staff to have resigned over a disagreement with his civilian superiors. General Karamat is a graduate of the National Defence College, the Command and Staff College, and the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, U.S.A. He has a Masters degree in International Relations. He retired as Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and as Chief of Army Staff in October 1998.
|
||
 |
||
13th CHIEF OF THE ARMY STAFF |
||
Pakistan twice; since then, he has been actively supported (through military and monetary aid) by western countries including the United States and the United Kingdom. He took power on October 12, 1999, ousting Nawaz Sharif, the elected Prime Minister, dismissed the national and provincial legislative assemblies, assumed the title of Chief Executive and became Pakistan's de facto head of government, thereby becoming the fourth Army chief of Pakistan to have assumed executive control. Later in 2001, Musharraf appointed himself to the office of President of Pakistan. On November 3, 2007, only days before a bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan was to decide on a petition challenging the constitutional validity of his re-election as president in the controversial October 2007 elections, he, as Chief of Army Staff, suspended the constitution, jailed several justices and lawyers of the supreme court including Chief Justice Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry, ordered the arrest of political dissidents and human rights activists, and shut down all private television channels. On November 3, 2007, Musharraf declared a state of emergency in Pakistan which lasted until December 15, 2007.
|
||
 |
||
14th CHIEF OF THE ARMY STAFF |
||
Former director of Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence, former Director General of Military Operations, and a recipient of the Hilal-i-Imtiaz. Kayani belong to a famous martial tribe called Gakhars. He grew up in a lower-class family as the son of a junior officer from Jhelum side of Gujar Khan, a tehsil in which has parts in the district of Rawalpindi and District Jhelum. He is described as a soft-spoken intellectual who is apolitical, pro-western, and disciplined. A chain smoker as well as a keen golfer, he is currently president of the Pakistan Golf Association. Kayani is married and has two children, a son and a daughter. Army career: Kayani is a graduate of Military College Jhelum and was commissioned in the Pakistan Army in August 1971 in the Infantry's Baloch Regiment as an infantryman. He is a graduate of the Command and Staff College, Quetta, Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and National Defence College, Islamabad, where he holds a masters degree in War Studies. During his career in the army, he has commanded an Infantry Battalion, an Infantry Brigade, an Infantry Division and the prestigious Rawalpindi Corps.
|
||